12/5/ · There were both short term and long term causes for the civil war, which included; the kings negative attitude towards parliament and parliamentarians, the fact that the royals had less money available then their rivals, and finally, the King’s marriage to a French catholic princess, which caused a threat to the Church of England and Scottish churches 12/11/ · Long Essay on Causes of the Civil War Essay is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and There were various causes for the civil war to take place. Some causes were cultural, while some were political, others were economic. The Union between the north and the south was split based on several important blogger.comted Reading Time: 5 mins 21/4/ · The English Civil War took place from to , and involved a series of conflicts between the parliamentarians lead by Oliver Cromwell, and the royalists. The causes of the English Civil War covered a number of years. The reign of Charles I had seen a marked deterioration in the relationship between Crown and Parliament
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Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of EssayCompany. The crown was placed upon his head and with that he became King Charles I of England, on June 2, Over 25 years later, his head would also symbolize the end of his reign through execution.
He would become the first English monarch to be tried and sentenced to death since the monarchy's establishment, largely due to his causing of the English Civil War.
The war stemmed from a long-standing weakness of the monarch and Charles I's attempt to strengthen the figure head of a nation. However, causes of the english civil war essay, the Civil War proved to be crucial to the political system of Great Britain and the United Kingdom.
The English Civil War permanently and directly shaped the balance of power between the monarch and the parliament of England.
The underlying problems facing Charles I during his reign began in the 16th century. Inthe price of food in England had doubled from that of The cost then doubled again by and in the price was six times that of A great contributor to this was the importing of silver from Central and South America by Spain during this time period. Such a great increase in currency production inflated prices across Europe, including England.
Another factor was a population increase, which led to increased demand and in turn inflation. The lower classes were not the only people affected by this time of difficulty. This act left the monarchy very vulnerable to public scrutiny. It also left many doubting the power, prestige, and divine right of the monarch Russell With the death of King James inhis son Charles took the throne.
With regard to political experience, Charles had none. All he did have was royal blood and a claim to divine right. The king was deeply religious and favored the ceremonious Church of England, partially because as King he was the head of the church. This worried many members of parliament, which was dominantly Puritan. They feared that Charles' taking to ceremonies could possibly lead to his conversion to Roman Catholicism, causes of the english civil war essay.
They also feared that he would then desire to enforce Catholicism as the national religion Lace This fear was justified by the actions of Charles in Scotland in the mids. In an attempt to further unite the nations which he ruled, he substituted Anglican worship for the Presbyterian worship which was most commonly prevalent in Scotland. This angered the large Presbyterian population and resulted in a large revolt in Gentles Two wars were fought as a result of this conflict.
Both were failures and English soldiers retreated in great numbers in The essential reason for this was the drying up of funds to support the fighting. In a desperate attempt to increase the current taxes enforced on the public, Charles called together the Parliament which he had vowed never to call again after causes of the english civil war essay it three times prior Gentles By this point, the majority of the Parliament opposed the taxation put in place by the King. He had causes of the english civil war essay implemented an additional tax called ship money.
This was a tax used specifically to aid the building and maintenance of the Royal Navy. The Parliament, in an attempt to restrict the power of the monarch, passed laws through legislation that called for the beheading of one of Charles' advisors, the earl of Strattford. They also passed bills that abolished all taxes without the consent of the parliament. In addition, Royal courts were abolished that the parliament viewed as supporting the King's abuse of power. King Charles I, to prevent immediate rebellion, signed all of these bills into law Lace By doing so, he greatly limited his own power in an attempt for appeasement.
Charles ruled peacefully for the following year until October of It was during this month that rumors spread throughout the nation of England that Irish citizens had begun a rebellion against English rule. The specifics of the rumors varied. Some claimed that over one hundred thousand English women and children had been killed by Irish mobs.
In actuality approximately four thousand English citizens were killed, and very few were women or children. Nonetheless, it was clear that action had to be taken by King Charles I. While these goings on occurred, a member of parliament who opposed the King took it upon himself to present a bill to the parliament.
It proposed an even further restriction on the power of the monarch, causes of the english civil war essay, including the nominating of all the King's advisors by the parliament. Parliament voted and the bill was passed by a very small margin. Charles responded by arresting five members of the parliament, including the composer of the bill.
King Charles I personally traveled to the next parliament meeting, only to find that the five persons to be arrested had been notified of their arrest beforehand and had fled. The conflict between the King and the parliament had reached its breaking point. Civil war was eminent Russell The two sides, those supporting the King and those supporting the parliament, causes of the english civil war essay, built up their armed forces and raised money in anticipation of the upcoming war.
On August 22, Charles I officially declared war in a public announcement and requested his supporters, the Royalists, take action to assist him in his effort against the parliamentarians as they would be known. As in many wars, the two sides created mocking nicknames for each other. The Royalists were called Cavaliers, a reference to the Spanish word caballeros meaning mounted knight which emphasized the quasi-Catholic customs of the King.
The parliamentarians were known as the Roundheads. The Roundheads were in actuality an organization of apprentices in London who cut their hair very short Lace The support for both sides displayed social variety.
The lords of the various territories causes of the english civil war essay England were practically evenly split between the Parliamentarians and Royalists. However, the more influential lords mainly sided with the King. These lords were also vastly skilled as riding horses and trained in fighting on horseback. This presented the Royalists with the advantage during the beginning years of the war in which large expanses of land had to be crossed during battles.
In one of the first battles, the Battle of Edge Hill, the sides found it very difficult to control their vast armies. At one point, a large portion of the Royalist cavalrymen halted while the rest continued to ransack the belongings of the Parliamentarians who had been forced into retreat. This caused mass confusion on both sides fighting. It resulted in the Parliamentarians returning to the battlefield to continue fighting. The war ended at dusk with both sides agreeing to continue in the morning.
This never came to be and the battle was ended with the Parliamentarians taking heavier loses than the Royalists. In this way, the Royalists started the war off on a high note.
The battles for the next two years resulted in much the same way, causes of the english civil war essay, with both sides claiming victory. However, a trend began to form in The Royalists began using military tactics from the mind of the Parliamentarian Lieutenant General, Oliver Cromwell. His strategy to send the cavalry into battle in waves proved revolutionary in these conflicts Lace He led the army into battles in which victory seemed ineffable, including many where the Royalist army outnumbered the Parliamentarian cavalry 2 to 1 and surprise attacks on the Parliamentarian bases.
The soldiers under his control fought heroically and in many cases were able to successfully drive the Royalists back to their own camps. After these battles it became clear that the war would continue on for an inconceivable amount of time. However, neither side surrendered but rather continued to recruit soldiers and raise money and supplies to fight on.
In the tide of the war shifted to the side of the Parliamentarians, causes of the english civil war essay. In the battle of Marston Moor Royalist forces were outnumbered and suffered a great defeat.
Likewise, in the battle of Naseby the Royalists were defeated in a mere three hours. Nearly all of their foot soldiers were killed and a large portion of their cavalry was taken out by the well strategized effort of the Parliamentarians on behalf of Oliver Cromwell Ashley This battle ended the first portion of the English Civil War. The fighting would continue for another five years. The battles would conclude with much the same results and in the Royalists surrendered Ashley A remonstrance was quickly drafted by a member of the Parliament, Ireton.
It called for many constitutional reforms and also the immediate placement of the King on trial. The King was placed on trial, causes of the english civil war essay, by the decision of the Parliament, and was sentenced to death by execution. King Charles I was beheaded on January 30, Gentles The beheading of the monarch meant an opportunity causes of the english civil war essay the Parliament to restructure the government. They did just that by forming the Commonwealth of England.
Immediately, the Commonwealth faced foreign invasion. Thousands of Irish citizens revolted yet again and threatened to invade the island of England. However, before the army could be raised to suppress them a rebellion from within their ranks rose up Lace This mutiny was defeated soon after it began and the focus shifted to Ireland.
After defeating this rebellion in the battle of Worcester, Cromwell, the Lord-General of the Commonwealth, settled into an entirely political life. He was soon disappointed by the actions of the Parliament under the new government. Instead of focusing on the political and social reforms that fueled the creation of the Commonwealth, many member of the Parliament became determined with the maintenance and expansion of their individual property Causes of the english civil war essay
The English Civil War Explained
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21/4/ · The English Civil War took place from to , and involved a series of conflicts between the parliamentarians lead by Oliver Cromwell, and the royalists. The causes of the English Civil War covered a number of years. The reign of Charles I had seen a marked deterioration in the relationship between Crown and Parliament 18/11/ · Money: The first cause of the war related to money, was at when Charles ordered that everyone in the country should pay Ship Money and the people who refused to pay were arrested. This helped cause the civil war because many people were angry with this, so they refused to pay the tax. This made Charles unpopular 12/11/ · Long Essay on Causes of the Civil War Essay is usually given to classes 7, 8, 9, and There were various causes for the civil war to take place. Some causes were cultural, while some were political, others were economic. The Union between the north and the south was split based on several important blogger.comted Reading Time: 5 mins
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